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Download ncert exemplar class 12 biology.Biology Exemplar Class 12
Download ncert exemplar class 12 biology.NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology Solutions - Free PDF Download -
Download ncert exemplar class 12 biology
Combo pack for complete preparation. Unknown Binding. Get it by Thursday, January 5. Get it by Tuesday, January 3. Fulfilled by Amazon. Get it by Wednesday, January 4.
Get it by Friday, January 6. Get it by Monday, January 2. Get it Thursday, January 12 - Friday, January Get it by Saturday, January 7. Get it by Sunday, January 8. Only 1 left in stock. Related searches. Previous 1 2 Need help? Visit the help section or contact us. Go back to filtering menu. Skip to main search results. Delivery Day. Customer Review. This chapter focuses on reproductive health, which is a closely linked topic. The phrase refers to reproductive organs that are healthy and usually work.
According to the World Health Organization WHO , reproductive health is total well-being in all reproduction areas, including physical, mental, behavioural, and social well-being. Genetics is a part of biology that deals with character variation from parents to children and inheritance. The process by which traits are passed on from parent to progeny is known as inheritance, which is the foundation of heredity. The degree to which progeny differ from their parents is called variation.
You learned about inheritance patterns and their genetic foundations in the previous chapter. The nature of the supposed genetic material was explored during the next hundred years, ending in the discovery that DNA — deoxyribonucleic acid — is the genetic material, at least for most creatures. Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides, as you learned in Class XI. The study of the evolution of life forms on Earth is known as evolutionary biology. What is Adaptive Radiation, and how does it work?
For a long time, health was thought to be a state of mind and body with a specific balance of humour. Pathogens; parasites are causing human diseases malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm and their control; Basic concepts of immunology — vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence — drug and alcohol abuse. Biological concepts in animal husbandry and plant breeding play a significant role in our efforts to boost food production.
Several new procedures, including embryo transfer technology and tissue culture techniques, will be critical in improving food production. Microbes, in addition to microscopic plants and animals, are the most important components of biological systems on this planet. In Class XI, you learned about the diversity of living organisms. Protozoa, bacteria, fungi, minuscule animal and plant viruses, viroids, and proteinaceous infectious agents are all examples of microbes.
Bacteria and fungi can be cultivated on nutritive media to produce colonies visible to the naked eye. Microbes in food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, and microbes as bio-control agents and bio-fertilizers.
Antibiotics; production and reasonable use. Biotechnology is the science of exploiting living organisms or their enzymes to develop products and processes that are valuable to people. The European Federation of Biotechnology EFB has defined biotechnology in a way that includes both traditional and modern molecular biotechnology. Biotechnology, as you may recall from the last chapter, is the large-scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals utilizing genetically altered microorganisms, fungi, plants, and animals.
Therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture, processed food, bioremediation, waste management, and energy production are all examples of biotechnology applications. Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms — Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, biopiracy, and patents. Ecology is a subject that analyses the relationships between organisms and between the organism and its physical abiotic environment, as you learned in the earlier term.
Organisms, populations, communities, and biomes are the four levels of biological organization that ecology is concerned with. This chapter will look at ecology at the organismic and population levels. It also has subtopics like Organism and Environment, as well as Populations. Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions — mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes — growth, birth rate, death rate, age distribution.
Ecology is a subject that analyses the relationships between organisms and between the organism and its physical abiotic environment, as you learned in earlier classes. Genetic diversity, Species diversity, Ecological diversity, Different sorts of Species, Patterns of Diversity, Biodiversity Loss, Biodiversity Conservation, and other topics are covered in Biodiversity and Conservation.
Ex-situ and in situ biodiversity conservation are both possible. In situ conservation protects endangered species in their natural environment, protecting the ecosystem as a whole. Ex-situ conservation procedures include in vitro fertilization, tissue culture propagation, and cryopreservation of gametes for vulnerable species in zoological parks and botanical gardens.
Biodiversity — Concept, patterns, importance; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, Sacred Groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries, and Ramsar sites. Over the last hundred years, the human population has exploded.
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